[섹션 4] 스프링 컨테이너와 스프링 빈

본 게시물은 김영한 선생님의 강의를 학습하며 작성하였습니다.

컨테이너에 등록된 모든 빈 조회

ApplicationContextInfoTest

package com.hello.core.beanfind;

import com.hello.core.AppConfig;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class ApplicationContextInfoTest {

    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);

    @Test
    @DisplayName("모든 빈 출력하기")
    void findAllBean() {
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = ac.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames) {
            Object bean = ac.getBean(beanDefinitionName);
            System.out.println("bean = " + bean + " object = " + bean);
        }
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("어플리케이션 빈 출력하기")
    void findApplicationBean() {
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = ac.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames) {
            BeanDefinition beanDefinition = ac.getBeanDefinition(beanDefinitionName);

            if (beanDefinition.getRole() == BeanDefinition.ROLE_APPLICATION) {
                Object bean = ac.getBean(beanDefinitionName);
                System.out.println("beanDefinitionName = " + beanDefinitionName + " object = " + bean);
            }
        }
    }
}

스프링 빈 조회 - 기본

• ac.getBean(빈이름, 타입)
• ac.getBean(타입)
• 조회 대상 스프링 빈이 없으면 예외 발생
  • NoSuchBeanDefinitionBeanException: No bean named 'xxxx' available

AppContextBasicFindTest

package com.hello.core.beanfind;

import com.hello.core.AppConfig;
import com.hello.core.member.MemberService;
import com.hello.core.member.MemberServiceImpl;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

class ApplicationContextBasicFindTest {
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);

    @Test
    @DisplayName("빈 이름으로 조회")
    void findBeanByName() {
        MemberService memberService = ac.getBean("memberService", MemberService.class);
        assertThat(memberService).isInstanceOf(MemberService.class);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("이름없이 타입으로만 조회")
    void findBeanByType() {
        MemberService memberService = ac.getBean(MemberService.class);
        assertThat(memberService).isInstanceOf(MemberServiceImpl.class);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("구체 타입으로 조회")
    void findBeanByName2() {
        MemberServiceImpl memberService = ac.getBean("memberService", MemberServiceImpl.class);
        assertThat(memberService).isInstanceOf(MemberServiceImpl.class);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("빈 이름으로 조회x")
    void findBeanByNameX() {
//        ac.getBean("xxxxx", MemberService.class);
//        MemberService xxxxx = ac.getBean("xxxxx", MemberService.class);
        // 예외가 터져야 성공!
        assertThrows(NoSuchBeanDefinitionException.class, () -> ac.getBean("xxxxx", MemberService.class));
    }
}

스프링 빈 조회 - 동일한 타입이 둘 이상

• NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException

ApplicationContextSameBeanFindTest

package com.hello.core.beanfind;

import com.hello.core.AppConfig;
import com.hello.core.discount.DiscountPolicy;
import com.hello.core.member.MemberRepository;
import com.hello.core.member.MemoryMemberRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.Map;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;

public class ApplicationContextSameBeanFindTest {
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SameBeanConfig.class);

    @Test
    @DisplayName("타입으로 조회시 같은 타입이 둘 이상 있으면, 동일 오류가 발생한다")
    void findBeanByTypeDuplicate() {
//        MemberRepository bean = ac.getBean(MemberRepository.class);
        assertThrows(NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException.class, () -> ac.getBean(MemberRepository.class));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("타입으로 조회시 같은 타입이 둘 이상 있으면, 빈 이름을 지정하면 된다")
    void findBeanByName() {
        MemberRepository memberRepository = ac.getBean("memberRepository1", MemberRepository.class);
        assertThat(memberRepository).isInstanceOf(MemberRepository.class);

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("특정 타입을 모두 조회하기")
    void findAllBeanByType() {
        Map<String, MemberRepository> beansOfType = ac.getBeansOfType(MemberRepository.class);
        for (String key : beansOfType.keySet()) {
            System.out.println("key = " + key + " value = " + beansOfType.get(key));

        }
        System.out.println("beansOfType = " + beansOfType);
        assertThat(beansOfType.size()).isEqualTo(2);
    }

    @Configuration
    static class SameBeanConfig {

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository memberRepository1() {
            return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        }

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository memberRepository2() {
            return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        }
    }
}